※ Trio family introduction

    Trio is present in eumetazoa and the kinase domain does not always exist. Nematode copies lack the C-terminal kinase domain meanwhile a subset of insects including Drosophilids and mosquitoes, lost the kinase domain and the adjacent lg and FN3 domains. Two human related Trio genes, Trio and Trad, encode long proteins both of which contain Sec 14, Spectrin RhoGEF, SH3, PH, Ig, FN3 and Kinase domains (1). The function of Trio is very important for development; it can mediate the fine-scale mapping of neuronal cell positions once the global arrangement of the brain has been established. Moreover, Trio is also able to interact with distinct signal partners. In Drosophila, the Rac-specific GEF1 of Trio appears to be the major signaling domain for retinal developmental processes, and Trio/Rac pathway is critical for RPTP signaling. In addition, Trio could interact with pak and they can operate in a common pathway to regulate retinal axon guidance (2) .

Reference
1. Wikinome Annotation:   Kinase Family Trio
2. Bateman, J. and Van Vactor, D. (2001) The Trio family of guanine-nucleotide-exchange factors: regulators of axon guidance. JJ Cell Sci, 114, 1973-1980. PMID: 15299019